Buka umthombo wala Kwela


I- '''Kwela''' Umculo wasemgwaqeni osulwe ku-pennywhistle waseNingizimu Africa<ref>1. Brubeck, Darius (2003). Kwela, Allen. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.j617700 (<nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781</nowiki> 561592630.article.j617700). </ref> onamaphinifa e-jazzy kanye nesigqi esihlukile, esifana ne-[[skiffle]]. Yavela e,sindweni wemarabi futhi yaletha umculo [[waseNingizimu]] [[Afrika]] ukugqama emhlabeni wonke ngeminyaka yawo-1950

Umculo unezinpande zawo eningzimu ye-Afrika kodwa kamuza ukuzivumelanisa nalokhu kanye nezinye i-idioms eziningi zesintu zase-Afrika baye bagcwala umculo waseNtshonalanga (lalela ama-albhamu a-[[A Swingin 'Safari]] yi-[[Kaempfert|Bert Kaempfert]] Orchestra(1962) noGraceland ngu[[Paul Simon]] (1986), ukunikeza umculo wanamuhla waseNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi [[i-jazz]], okuningi yomsindo wayo ohlukile kanye ne-lilting swagger. I-Piranha's 1982 UK Top Ten hit 'Tom Hark' yayisekelwe ingoma yangaphambilini kaKwela ka-1950.

Esinye isizathu sokusetshenziswa kwe-pennywhistle ukuthi ishibhile futhi iyaphatheka, kodwa futhi iboleka njenge-solo noma insimbi ye-ensemble. Ukuthandwa kwe- pennywhistlekungenzeka ukuthi kwakusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ama-[[flutes]] we izinhlobo ezahlukene sekuyisikhathi eside izinsimbi zendabuko phakathi kwabantu bezingxenye ezisenyakatho kakhulu ze INingizimu Afrika, kanye ne-pennywhistle ngaleyo ndlela yenza ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwezingoma zesintu zibe umculo omusha othonywe yi-marabi

== Umsuka ==
Incazelo ejwayelekile yegama elithi "khwela" ukuthi lithathwa esi[[Zulu]] elithi "Climb", noma kunjalo elokishini slang iphinde yabhekisela kumaveni amaphoyisa, i"khwela-khwela". Ngakho, kungaba isimemo sokuba joyina umdanso, kanye nokukhonza njengesixwayiso. Kuthiwa izinsizwa ezazidlala isentiwhistle emakhoneni emigwaqo nayo yasebenza njengokubheka ukuxwayisa labo abazijabulisa ku-[[shebeens]] yokufika kwe amaphoyisa<ref>2. "South African music: kwela" (<nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20111020132524/http://www.sout</nowiki> hafrica.info/about/arts/922564.htm). Archived from the original (<nowiki>http://www.southafrica.info/ab</nowiki> out/arts/922564.htm) on 2011-10-20. Retrieved 2009-12-19. </ref>. Abantu abamhlophe, bengazi ngencazelo yayo, bese becabanga ukuthi ubhekise emculweni uma bebezwa abantu bememeza bethi "Lapha kuza kwela, kwela!" bexwayisa ngokuba khona kwamaphoyisa. Umculo weKwela wathonywa ukuhlanganisa umculo wabafuduki baseMalawi eNingizimu Afrika, kanye imisindo yendawo yaseNingizimu [[IAfrika|Afrika]]. eChichewa, igama elithi Khwela linencazelo efanayo kakhulu neNingizimu Incazelo yase-Afrika: "ukukhuphuka". Umculo wathandwa eNingizimu Afrika wabe eselethwa eMalawi, lapho abaculi baseMalawi besikhathi samanje nabo sebeqalile ukukhiqiza umculo kaKhwela<ref>3. O'Hara, Glynis (7 November 1997). "Tom Hark's back … again" (<nowiki>https://mg.co.za/article/1997</nowiki> -11-07-tom-harks-back-again/). Mail & Guardian. </ref>.

Umculo we-Kwela wathonywa ukuhlanganisa umculo wabokufika baseMalawi eNingizimu Afrika, kanye nemisindo yaseNingizimu Afrika. <ref name="news.bbc.co.uk">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8185971.stm Nikki Jecks, "Reviving Malawi's music heritage", BBC World Service, 6 August 2009.]</ref> NgesiChewa, igama elithi Khwela linencazelo efanayo kakhulu nencazelo yaseNingizimu Afrika: "ukukhuphuka". Lo mculo waduma eNingizimu Afrika wabe usulethwa eMalawi, lapho abaculi besimanje baseMalawi nabo sebeqalile ukukhiqiza umculo weKhwela. <ref name="news.bbc.co.uk" />
[[File:I-IV-I64-V.png|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/I-IV-I64-V.png/220px-I-IV-I64-V.png|thumb|I-IV-I <math>{}^6_4</math> -V. {{Audio|I-IV-I64-V.mid|Play}}</img> {{Audio|I-IV-I64-V.mid|Play}}]]
Nakuba kuye kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi umculo [[kaKhwela]] usebenzisa kuphela inqubekela phambili ye-chord I-IV-I -V.,<ref>5. Manuel, Peter (1990). Popular Musics of the Non-Western World: An Introductory Survey, p.11. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-19-506334-9</nowiki>. </ref> abanye bagcina ngokuthi ayikho inqubekela phambili eqondile ye-Khwela chord, nokuthi i-I-IV-V-I ne-I-IV-V yi ikakhulukazi ukusabalala.<ref>6. Allen, Lara (1999). "Kwela: the Structure and Sound of Pennywhistle Music", p.229. ISBN 1- 85928-143-5.</ref>

== Abaculi ==
Abaculi abafana noLemmy Mabaso babedume ngabaculi babo amakhono pennywhistle, futhi [[uSpokes Mashiyane]] wayengomunye kakhulu evelele ngezingoma zakhe ze-kwela pennywhistle<ref>2. "South African music: kwela" (<nowiki>https://web.archive.org/web/20111020132524/http://www.sout</nowiki> hafrica.info/about/arts/922564.htm). Archived from the original (<nowiki>http://www.southafrica.info/ab</nowiki> out/arts/922564.htm) on 2011-10-20. Retrieved 2009-12-19. </ref>. Abanye abaculi zihlanganisa The Skylarks, [[Jack Lerole]], Aaron Lerole, The Solven Whistlers, [[Kippie Moeketsi]], [[Donald Kachamba]] noGwigwi Mrwebe.

== '''Izinkomba''' ==
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== Ukufunda okwengeziwe ==

* ''U-Pennywhistle Kwela: Ukuhlaziywa Komculo, Umlando kanye Nezomphakathi'' . Lara V. Allen, MA (Natal-Durban). 1993.
* ''Elokishini Tonight!'' ''Umculo Wedolobha Elimnyama Nethiyetha yaseNingizimu Afrika'' . Uhlelo lwesi-2. David B. Coplan, The University of Chicago Press. 2008. [[ISBN (identifier)|I-ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-226-11567-4|0-226-11567-4]] . pp.&nbsp;190–99.

== Izixhumanisi zangaphandle ==

* [http://www.last.fm/tag/kwela Kwela] at Last.fm
* [http://www.kwela.co.uk/ The Kwela Project - website about playing kwela]